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Overview
The difference stems from the diaspora's historical uncertainty about the proclamation of the new month (yom tov sheni shel galuyot).
Prague · 28 Cheshvan 5787
Shabbat this week · 16:02–17:11

Region
In Israel some festivals are observed for fewer days than in the diaspora (e.g. Passover for 7 days instead of 8).
The difference stems from the diaspora's historical uncertainty about the proclamation of the new month (yom tov sheni shel galuyot).